MTP-31 (Elamipretide)

is a mitochondrial-targeting aromatic-cationic tetra supplied in lyophilized form for laboratory research applications. This cell-permeable selectively concentrates in mitochondrial inner membranes through electrostatic interactions with cardiolipin, making it a valuable tool for investigating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and bioenergetic failure in various disease models.

Chemical Specifications:

• Sequence: D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂ (where Dmt = 2′,6′-dimethyltyrosine)
• Molecular Formula: C₃₂H₅₂N₈O₅
• Molecular Weight: 640.81 Da
• CAS Number: 736992-21-5
• Alternative Names: Elamipretide, Bendavia, MTP-131
• Form: Sterile lyophilized white powder

Molecular Mechanism:

Mitochondrial Targeting Strategy:

• Cardiolipin Binding: MTP-31 selectively binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid exclusively located in mitochondrial inner membrane
• Membrane Stabilization: Prevents cardiolipin peroxidation and maintains cristae structure
• ROS Scavenging: Aromatic dimethyltyrosine residue provides electron-donating capacity
• Bioenergetic Optimization: Enhances electron transport chain efficiency, reduces proton leak

Research Applications:

• Cardiovascular Research: Ischemia-reperfusion injury models, heart failure pathophysiology, myocardial infarction protection studies
• Neurodegeneration Models: Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke research
• Mitochondrial Biology: Cristae morphology studies, cardiolipin biochemistry, mitochondrial membrane potential assays
• Aging Research: Age-related mitochondrial decline, sarcopenia, skeletal muscle dysfunction
• Renal Protection Studies: Acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease progression models
• Metabolic Research: Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, obesity-related mitochondrial dysfunction